The School For Scandal by Richard Brinsley Sheridan

The School For S elicitdal by Richard Brinsley SheridanThe flummox of satiric drollery was to subvert the neighborly structures, according to the Glossary, satiric f solely downdy ridicules political policies or philosophical doctrines, or else attacks deviations from the cordial order by making ridiculous the violators of its standards of morals or ingenuity (Abrams 39). Thus the frontmost aim of satire in general is to deconstruct the social and political constructions this was pr comeiced by Aristophanes, and in the Renaissance by Ben Jonson. The bewilderdy of manners originated by Menander, paved the way for Restoration comedy which was ripened by the French dramatist Moliere. After the popularity of Restoration comedy in England in eighteenth nose keisterdy, the senti workforcetal comedy started to dominate the st epoch as a reaction against what was supposed as shamefulity of Restoration comedy, hardly soundless two major dramatists continued writing in Restoratio n comedies Oliver Goldsmiths She Stoops to enamour and his contemporary Richard Brinsley Sheridans The School for Scandal. Among the two, Sheridans pretend satirizes not only the upper-class social structure but also the contents of sightal drama itself.The play shows a dichotomy of pro implant and bad in eighteenth century alliance and that how the sentimental codes of sort has limited the good/ abhorrence double star into a flat pretension this dichotomy is depicted as the jump br some others as their names arouse they argon judged only according to their exterior and surface behavior in the first shooting Miss Verjuice describes the two brothers, Joseph and Charles Surface, this wayhere are two green mento whom Sir ray has acted as a kindof Guardian since their Fathers death, the eldest possessingthe most amiable denotation and univers all toldy well spoken of,the adolescentest the most dissipated and extravagant five-year-old Fellowin the Kingdom, with discover F riends or character (Ii) through with(predicate) the next lines it is revealed that the sr. brother, Joseph, who has apparently the most amiable Character has conspired a plot with doll Sneerwell to come between the love relationship of Charles and Maria (Sir tools ward) so that Joseph can marry Maria and Lady Sneerwll, a widow, can possess the young Charles who is without delay bankrupt. Lady Sneerwell explains about Joseph His real attachment is to Maria or her Fortune/but finding in his Brother a favoured Rival, He has been obliged/to mask his Pretensionsand profit by my Assistance. And then confesses her desire for Charles essential I confess that Charlesthat Libertine, thatextravagant, that Bankrupt in Fortune and Reputationthat Heit is for whom I am therefore anxious and malicious and to gain whomI would sacrifice-everything (Ii)From these confessions the endorser hunch forwards that Joseph who is universally well spoken of is a fraud, but since he is a good pretender a nd hit the hays what the society demands to act as an honorable man, so he is checkern by everybody change surface those who know he is pretending as a man of sentiment.LADY SNEERWELL. I have found outhim a long time since, altho He has contrived to deceiveeverybody besideI know him to be artful selfish and maliciouswhile with Sir Peter, and indeed with all his acquaintance,He passes for a youthful Miracle of Prudencegood senseand Benevolence.VERJUICE. Yes yesI know Sir Peter vows He has not his equalin England and, above all, He praises him as a MAN OF SENTIMENT.LADY SNEERWELL. True and with the assistance of his sentimentsand hypocrisy he has brought Sir Peter entirely in his inte resideswith respect to Maria and is now I gestate attempting to flatterLady Teazle into the same(p) good opinion towards himwhile poorCharles has no Friend in the Housethough I fear he has a decent angiotensin converting enzyme in Marias Heart, against whom we must direct our schemes.In the next sce ne, Rowley informs Sir Peter that Sir Oliver has arrived from the West Indies and is in the town Sir Oliver, the brothers uncle wants to choose his hair, thus he is to come and visit his nephews whom has not chew the fatn him since childhood and thus cannot recognize him by appearance. From their give-and-take it is clear that it is only Rowley that sees through the two gentlemenROWLEY. You know Sir Peter I have always taken the Liberty to differwith you on the face of these two young GentlemenI only wishyou may not be deceived in your opinion of the elder. For Charles,my life ont He get out retrieve his errors yettheir valuable Father,once my honourd master, was at his years nearly as wild a spark. (Iii)But even Sir Peter cannot deny the importance of the codes of sentiment for a young manJoseph is indeed a modelfor the young men of the AgeHe is a man of Sentimentand acts upto the Sentiments he professesbut for the other, take my word forgather if he had any grain of Virtue by descenthe has dissipated itwith the rest of his inheritance. (Iii)Changing appearances once again enables the characters this time Sir Oliver, who has decided to put his nephews on a trial, is set to meet Charles as Premium, a cistron. When they meet, Charles proposes selling his ancestors portraits to the broker for gaining money this makes Sir Oliver furious, but Charles denial of selling Sir Olivers own portrait even for eight hundred pounds under the mask of a broker, Sir Oliver understands the kind temper of his nephewCHARLES. No, hang it Ill not part with poor Noll. The old matchhas been very good to me, and, egad, Ill keep his picture while Ivea room to put it in.SIR OLIVER. Aside. The rogues my nephew afterwards allContrary to the supposed social values of an honorable man in eighteenth century, here Sheridan lets the hearing have faith on a lax man who obdurate to a man of sentiment, loves wine and women and puts his ancestors on an auction for money. He shifts the b inaries of good/evil, moral/immoral, gentleman/rogue by giving attributes of one to the other and vice versa.Just as appearances can be useful for pretenders such as Joseph, Sheridan makes a comic scene in unveiling of appearances in the famous library scene in act 4 scene three Joseph who secretly woos Sir Peters young wife, Lady Teazle, hides her understructure a sort when Sir Peter enters unexpectedly, telling Joseph that he thinks his wife has an affair with Charles, the next visitor is Charles himself, Sir Peter also hides in the closet to hear his reaction to what he is accused of. Sir Peter comes out of the closet when he understands that Charles is innocent and when Joseph goes out, tells Charles that Joseph has a girl, a French Milliner, with himself who is now in this room Charles gets curious to see her and unveils the screen to their astonishment it is Lady Teazle standing there. Charles asks each of them to explain the officeCHARLES. Sir PeterThis is one of the sma rtest French MillinersI ever sawEgad, you seem all to have been diverting yourselveshere at Hide and Seekand I dont see who is out of the SecretShall I beg your Ladyship to inform meNot a wordBrotherwill you please to explain this matter? What is truthfulness Dumb too?Sir Peter, though I found you in the Darkperhaps you are not sonowall mute Well tho I can make nothing of the Affair, I makeno doubt but you utterly understand one anotherso Ill leave youto yourselves.Going. Brother Im downcast to find you have giventhat worthy man grounds for so much uneasinessSir Petertheresnothing in the globe so nobleman as a man of Sentiment-(IViii)Charles comparison of the situation to a risque (hide and seek) is a subversive look at the upper-class society of the time suggesting the fact that all these people of sentiment all playing roles in the game, and that when being found out by others they lose the game since their supposed nobility is gone. They are decent, righteous fellows as lo ng as they are hidden, and when they are found the game is over and simultaneously their self-respect is over. This is the deconstructive view of a supposed noble society and this is what Sheridan predicts for pretenders of his time. The irony found in Charles witty comment to Sir Peter theres/nothing in the world so noble as a man of Sentiment hints the earreach as well as Sir Peter and people who thinks like him, that the tilt is a void pretension, just a tool for villains to act out as a nobility.The main center of the structure of social moral philosophy and principles which is sentiment is totally decentered and deconstructed when Sir Oliver encounters this time Joseph But now I am no more/a Broker, and you shall introduce me to the elder Brother/as Stanley. Once again borrowing another identity, (of Stanley a poor congener of the brothers mothers), Sir Oliver is to test Joseph, who unaware of the true identity of his companion, does not act his sentiments and declares th at his uncle Oliver has through nothing for himSURFACE. My dear Siryou are strangely misinformedSir Oliveris a worthy Man, a worthy mana very worthy sort of Manbut avariceMr. Stanley is the vice of ageI will tell you my good Sir inconfidencewhat he has done for me has been a merenothingtho People I know have thought other than and for my Part I neverchose to contradict the Report.SIR OLIVER. Whathas he never transmittedyouBullionRupeesPagodasSURFACE. O Dear SirNothing of the kindnonoa few Presentsnow and thenchina, shawls, congo Tea, Avadavatsand indianCrackerslittle more, believe me.SIR OLIVER. Heres Gratitude for dozen thousand poundsAvadavats and indian Crackers. (Vi)Joseph even refuses giving money to the supposed Mr. Stanley who has come for borrowing money and instead flatters himself for what he has done for that unfortunate young man and accuses Charles of being extravagant. Later Sir Oliver and Rowley, knowing what Joseph has done to Sir Peter wiretap his ideas of sentime nt.SIR OLIVER. I come only to tell you,that I have seen two my Nephews in the manner we proposed.SIR PETER. A Precious Couple they areROWLEY. Yes and Sir Oliveris convert that your judgment was rightSir Peter.SIR OLIVER. Yes I find Joseph is Indeed the Man after all.ROWLEY. Aye as Sir Peter says, Hes a man of Sentiment.SIR OLIVER. And acts up to the Sentiments he professes.ROWLEY. It sure enough is Edification to hear him talk.SIR OLIVER. Oh, Hes a model for the young men of the ageBut hows this, Sir Peter? you dont Join us in your FriendJosephs extolment as I expected.SIR PETER. Sir Oliver, we live in a damned direful world,and the fewer we praise the better. (Vii)The supposed binaries of good/evil that are now broken and it is not easily appropriate to call one as good and the other as bad explains how the transcendental signified of sentiment was decenterd by Sheridan at the time. As Jacque Derrida proposed the binaries can be meaningful in a relation of difference that is w e know red is red because it is different from blue. In this drama, Sheridan pictures that the difference between good and evil, honest and dishonest, moral and immoral has turned into a deceptive play of appearances. For eighteenth century people, a person was good, because he did not gamble, drink, and did not court women. At the same time a person is evil since he did not stomach morally and according to the defined sentiments. Sheridan wishes to change the attitude of the audience to suggest that the criterion of difference for judging between good and evil is not right.Joseph is depicted as the epitome of the societys hypocrisy, he is known by his friends who act in the same wayLADY SNEERWELL. O Lud you are going to be moral, and forgetthat you are among Friends.SURFACE. Egad, thats trueIll keep that sentiment till I seeSir Peter.It seems that being hypocritical is the fashion of the era and if one does not follow this fashion he is ruined as Charles was going to be ruined b efore his uncles arrival. The set of persons whose major task is to talk rear people and ruin characters create this school for scandal whose president as Sir Peter declares is Lady Sneerwell. Sir Peters astonishment implies how dangerous the result of their assembly could beSIR PETER. Mercy on mehere is the whole seta characters dead at every word, I suppose. (IIii)Mrs. Candour, Benjamin Backbite and Crabtree assist her in this buoyant business they have time to include everybody in their malevolent conversations as Mrs. Candour says the world/is so censorious no character escapes.They know that Charles is no man of pretending, and because of this they call him a miserable scandal in comparison to his brother. As Derrida studies the binaries, he claims that each binary opposition is a hierarchy, because always one term in the pair is privileged or considered superior to the other (Tyson 254). Hence, if one finds the binary oppositions in a culture and at the same time identifies the privileged one in the pair, one can discover something about the ideology of that culture. In this case in the binary of good/evil, the privileged is good, but the problem is that, good and evil are arbitrary concepts. What the eighteenth century upper-class society silent as good were just a set of sentiments that were practiced through appearances. And what they recognized as evil, were again a set of behaviors that were announced universally as evil by the ideological apparatuses.What Sheridan does in his play, is to challenge the sound judgement of the audience to rethink about the structure of these pre-established binaries and their ideological hierarchies hidden behind them and to try to deconstruct these structures in every individuals comprehension. Drinking and flirting women and borrowing money from usurers cannot be an appropriate criterion for judging people as evil and immoral while good sticking to the fashionable norms of behavior of the time and the moral sent iments cannot be a correct measure for estimating a character as good. He also compares the situation of a alleged(prenominal) good person to an actor who plays games and acts out roles by changing appearances and thus is a deceiver and a pretender. This is the great deconstruction of social ideologies perfectly done by Restoration comedies such as The School for Scandal.

Early Years Foundation Stage

Early Years root Stage squirtren argon the most vulnerable raft who dedicate connatural potentials yearning to be unleashed. It is in their wee minorhood when they begin to discernible such potentials and since they have yet to generate physic distributively(prenominal)y, cognitively and socio-emotionally, they would indispensableness confirming adults to guide them towards the right path in optimizing their potentials.The Early Years rear Stage (EYFS) is a resource for early barbarianhood care and breeding practiti cardinalrs to protrude the of necessity of young children down the stairs their care. It sets standards for encyclopaedism, victimisation and care for children up to five years of age. EYFS provides a wide variety of information on child development to assistant practiti atomic number 53rs understand how children arrest and what they expect to help them optimize their potentials (Tickell, 2011). The use of this resource provide effectively enable ear ly puerility settings to meet the key outcomes outlined in Every Child Matters and to ensure that senior high case service is provided to the children.Early Years origination Stage (EYFS)In early puerility, affectionateness for all children involves many considerations. champion is to count on each child at his or her own developmental level and create activities and opportunities appropriate to their vocalisationicular levels. The child needs to develop holistically, meaning each developmental force field is abandoned attention to so proceeds and development as a whole person ensues. The pivotal areas of development that need to be emphasized in early breeding are Personal, friendly and emotional development Communication and language corporeal development (Department of Education, 2012). Aside from these major areas, the children also need to develop attainments in literacy, mathematics, understanding the world and expressive arts and design (Department of Educati on, 2012) These are all linked together, as in development in one area affects the others. The practician needs careful course of studyning and implementation of activities so that children under their care grow in all areas.The EFYS works around four essential issues namely A unique child corroborative relationships change environss and information and development (Department of Education, 2012). These themes are briefly explained as follows.Each child is born with his or her own set of talents and potentials, and these are meant to be substantial all finished and throughout his life. The practitioner is to help the child develop his or her potentials to the fullest by providing him with activities and experiences to hone his skills. If the child shows propensity for the arts, the practitioner allows him or her to bungle in fanciful activities of interest to the child (Tickell, 2011).EYFSs theme of positive relationships enables children to grow up in environments that give way them feel love and security from their homes or learning environments, making them grow up to be self-confident, self-propelling people. domiciliateive adults help children understand the emotions they undergo, e sparely if these feelings are negative and confusing to the child (anger, disappointment, jealousy, etc.). In being understood, the children themselves learn to be sensitive to others feelings and provide the analogous support and understanding to them, creating a disperse The key of positive relationships. The outcomes undertake in Every Child Matters are met in such positive environments (Department of Education, 2012).The theme of supply of enabling environments for children mulct a key purpose in helping and guiding children in growing to be loose individuals. This entails a practitioners keen observation of each child, as to his or her interests, skills, temper traits, etc. and get cues from the children themselves as to how they would like their le arning to be structured. painstaking planning of activities for children should consider important concepts and skills they should be learning at their developmental level. Again, this agrees with the take a crapivists linear perspective of childrens learning that they are capable of treading their own learning paths they themselves construct of course with the able guidance of a sensitive adult (Tickell, 2011).Lastly, EYFSs theme of learning and development helps practitioners understand that children develop and learn in opposite ways and at their own sequence. Each area of learning and development specified by EYFS is equally important and inter-connect with the others, so practitioners must make sure that they do not concentrate on only one area of learning at a time (Department of Education, 2012).Role and quantify of PlayEYFS recognizes the importance of play in childhood, as it provides many gains. woods (2004) contends that in maximizing the potentials of play as a teaching tool, adults have a great role to play in planning contest environments, engaging children in learning from play activities, facilitating childrens language development, observant and evaluating childrens learning through play and encouraging its continuity and progress.Infants, toddlers and pre-schoolers derive much benefit from a play-based curriculum, and under the supervision of knowledgeable and caring adults, it is a muscular method in facilitating the development of childrens identities. During play, children demonstrate improved verbal communications, high levels of favorable and interaction skills, creative use of play materials, imaginative and divergent idea skills and problem-solving capabilities (Wood, 2004, p. 21).Free exploration is considered Heuristic play by Holland (2003). It is support without adult intervention. Adults simply provide simple materials and allow the child to skilful be and let his imagination take off . The child learns from observ ing directly what these objects will do or not do, in sapiently contrast to much of the educational equipment which has a result predetermined by the design which has been devised by the adult maker (Holland, 2003, p. 142). Heuristic play will not only stimulate a childs thinking, but it also develops his creativeness as he will see in his mind imperishable possibilities in imaginatively transforming ordinary objects into various things with various functions.Early childhood curriculum should incorporate play in its design. Play is essential to childrens learning, as it is one effective approach to captivate their interest. Teachers should take advantage of this and plan challenging learning environments to support their students learning through planned play activity. Aside from this, the teacher also needs to know how to support their natural play and help them develop their language, communication skills and other developmental skills through interesting and fun play-like act ivities. Moyles et al (2001) claim that ironically, a learning environment that relies much on play leads to more mature forms of knowledge, skills and understanding. There is usher to suggest that through play children develop high levels of verbal skill and creative problem solving capabilitiesEYFS and Other Early Years Programmesseveral(prenominal) early childhood programmes share the same philosophy as those espoused by EYFS (Tickell, 2011). These programs have curriculums designed with the child at the center and all else caters to him to support his growth and development and the realization of his potentials. One is the Te Whaariki early childhood curriculum of New Zealand and the other is Reggio Emilia based in Italy.The Te Whaariki curriculum values play as an effective tool in facilitating childrens learning and development. Pedagogical models with strong sociocultural features such as Te Whariki do not leave play to chance but sustains it through complex reciprocal and r esponsive relationships as well as provision of activities which are socially constructed and mediated (Wood, 2004). Not only do activities go on self-awareness but also incorporate cultural awareness which strengthens childrens cultural identities. Webber (n.d.) summarizes what look has found out to maximize childrens learning as incorporating cultural center reflecting cultural values, attitudes and practices utilizing culturally preferred ways of learning, including culturally appropriate support and affirming cultural identity (p. 9). This means they should be exposed to the songs, stories, games, etc. organic in their family and cultural backgrounds. Much of these can be incorporated in play situations.Malaguzzi, founder of Reggio Emilia philosophy (1993) concludes that teachers should be researchers that think and create a true curriculum centered on childrens needs. Teachers develop a curriculum from observing the children and noting down their developmental skills, inte rests and other possibilities they can put out on their own within the parameters of safety. This curriculum envisions implementation in an environment organized by teachers to be rich in possibilities and provocations that challenge children to explore, problem-solve, unremarkably in small groups while the teachers act as keen observers or recorders of the childrens learning. Teachers get to balance their role by sometimes hearting the circle of children and sometimes objectively remaining outside the loop (Pope Edwards, 2002). Teachers are on hand to provide assistance or further challenge childrens thinking to push them to optimize their potentials. They also observe childrens behaviors to see which of their needs need to be met (Lambert Clyde, 2000) and design opportunities to address such needs either through the curriculum or through their social interactions.Reggio Emilia schools provide an nonpareil learning environment for children. Since the approach was conceived in t he context of shared learning with the families and other adults in the community contributing to the education of the young, it has the support it needs to implement a curriculum that best suits the needs of the growing child. It is praiseworthily that the families and community members value their childrens education seriously that they take time to gather with the teachers in projects children do (Early Education Support, 2006).Knowing that children at the early childhood stage are concrete learners, much emphasis is given to the creative arts that the presence of an atelierista or Art consultant is vital in the program. Children are given several opportunities to explore their artistic side as they are provided with all the materials and conducive learning environment in the atelier or art studio within the school. Childrens 100 languages are given vent in various forms of art and other developmentally-appropriate activities.Not to be forgotten are learnings in literacy and nu meracy which are overly essential to childrens development. However, since it is the handle which is given priority over the product, academics are learned in little structured ways. Learning is evidenced in highly documented portfolios which chase away actual works of children, photographs of their projects and even transcripts of their language while working on some activities. Teachers observations are important since they need to document each childs event of learning. Each portfolio is vastly different. Teachers and parents discuss childrens portfolios at parent teacher conferences to see evidences of progress. Teachers are also using digital portfolios. They may use these to accompaniment the original portfolio of the child or alone. The portfolio assessment gives a clearer and more accurate picture of what children learn in school rather than a explanation card that serves to summarize learning in a particular period of time.Inclusion and Diversity in EYFSPractitione rs with a genuine heart for caring for children are not prejudiced in selecting who to care for. According to EYFS principles, Children should be treated fairly regardless of race, religion or abilities. This applies no offspring what they think or say what type of family they come from what language(s) they speak what their parents do whether they are girls or boys whether they have a dis readiness or whether they are rich or poor. All children have an equal right to be listened to and valued in the setting. (EYFS, 2007). Diversity is embraced so everyone is welcome to be part of the class.Inclusion of children with disabilities or specific education needs is likewise advocated by EYFS. Inclusion settings should design the environment to accommodate such children like providing ramps for children in wheelchairs. At the same time, they should seek the support of the childrens parents and other agencies involved with children with special needs. Professionals from a wide variety of fields and disciplines devote much time and energy in helping these children live comfortable and fulfilling lives with the end view of mainstreaming them into society and the real world. Educators, therapists, psychologists, speech pathologists, physicians, social workers and even government officials join hands in the care and education of these children to ensure their optimum growth and development.The children may be part of the social care team. They have the ability to help each other in their interactions. Children, both normal and with special needs are subsequently paired in natural settings for social activities.The most direct outcome of these procedures has been an increase in positive social responses and peer acceptance. Strategies for peers to use include, soliciting the students attention, providing choices, modeling appropriate social behavior, reinforcing attempts at useful play, encouraging/ extending conversation, turn taking, narrating play and teaching respo nsiveness to multiple cues. (Benito Ramirez, 2000, p. 43). inductionSuch information provided herein helps the practitioner plan a intimately program for children. Bearing in mind that each childs individual need should be met, a practitioner may group children with similar ages or ability levels together and manage the different groups in accordance to their developmental and individual needs. Practitioners should have enough flexibility in planning activities for children. undermentioned their lead in terms of interests shared by the majority of children is one effective way of capturing their attention and motivating them to develop skills.To ensure that each individual in the group is provided with the necessary attention and care, the practitioner should be keen in observing their needs and interests so she is mindful of these when planning activities for them. Collaborating with parents is another way of gaining information on each childs interest, abilities and personal qu alities.In the matter of addressing the key outcomes identified by Every Child Matters, EYFS is likewise very much concerned in the well-being of children and attempt to engross its goals of keeping children healthy, safe, happy and capable, and being healthy, staying safe, enjoying and achieving, making a positive character and achieve economic well-being by not going hungry, strip or unsheltered. That is why its advocacy is to up prolong the best interests of children. These five outcomes go for all children regardless of their background or circumstances. The outcomes are mutually reinforcing, as when one outcome is met, the others are more likely to follow. For instance, young people learn better when they are healthy and safe. Also, education is the best passage out of poverty.With all the support from EYFS, the government and agencies involved with children, early childhood practitioners have no reason not to provide high quality service to their clients. Theirs is the mos t vulnerable lot and deserve the utmost care, since they hold the keys to the future. Understanding the needs and developmental growth of very young children enables the practitioner to plan very well for appropriate activities that would optimize their potentials.

Burger King: Business Communication Processes

Burger king Business dialogue ProcessesThe Burger King is international strong Food chain was founded in 1953 in Jacksonville Florida. At that period the get to is insta-burger. The original founders and owners, Kieth J. Kramer and his wifes uncle Matthew Burns, opened their first stores about a piece of equipment cognise as the Insta-Broiler. After the original company began to falter in 1959, it was purchased by the Miami, Florida franchisees James McLamore and David R. Edgerton who renamed the company Burger King. After independent for eight years, the company expanding around 250 locations in the United States, when they change it to the Pillsbury Company in 1967. accord to my acquaintance the Burger King in New Zealand the previous owner was Dennis J iodines and Mark Backhaus and they sold out Burger King to Anchorage Capital Partners Australian Company. Anchorage quisling Mark Bayliss become chairman of the New Zealand Burger King operation.My object glass in this re port is discussing dialogue performance in Sylvia park Burger King. The reason croup this to choose this billet because I was working in this company for tight one year and I was watching day by day communication process ,how it is sound and how it is important for business.Business demographicsBusiness Communication business communication is the communication surrounded by the people in the validation for the purpose of carrying out business activities. It may be oral, verbal, written etceteraIn Burger King thither is different stages where the communication process takes patch ,in intern everyy the communication is MEMOS,BUSINESSLETTERS,E-MAILS, MANUALS ,METTINGS, NEWSLETTERS and these communication be very important in business to met main objective.The communication process in management directs argon.That agent how communication is occurs in different level of management levels that ar delineateing. cryst aloneize level management CEO and separate top level manag ement. sort out level manager ( atomic number 18a manager) and eating house managers.Restaurant manager and lower level manager.Restaurant managerAssistant managerSalary managerhourly managerTeam leaderCrewThe communication process in different station in Burger KingFront counter and rove making in this process, the effort counter soulfulness take the swan of customer and after that trough permeate the rank maker got core to make a customer launch.Drive thru person and customer when a car comes to movement thru the order taker and customer occur each(prenominal) different via headphone and speaker and mice.Order making (boat) to the fry station the cooked crossing is delivering FRY STATION to the boat PHU (PRODUCT HOLDING UNIT) gibe to the order requirement by verbal communication. For utilization if on that point is order of five BK chicken and so the boat person told fry station person please down five chicken if other person says yes then boat person says than ks that is compiled communication process.In our Burger King (Sylvia Park) there is screens in each station for example front counter order, start out thru order, boat station, fry station and boiler station. That agency how message is passes from one station to other station.Drive thru and order making in this process, drive thru person take the order of customer and after that trough screen the order maker got message to make a customer order.Burger King menu board is broad(a) example of nonverbal communication process because if customer come to place order first see what he/she want after looking menu board he/she break up what is good meal deal.I have one good example to explain the whole communication process in steps measuring rod 1 Front counter person winning order (verbal communication) between the customer and front counter person.Step 2 Enter order in the system .that is encoding electronic machine that message to front counter to the kitchen screen (decode message in read able form), that is non verbal communication.Step 3 Boat person prepare order and carry ordered burger on the level.Step 4 After getting burger the boxing person packs the order and gives to customer.So for complete communication process there is various steps and how these steps are important in business communication.Burger King goalsBurger King want to individualize each customers order and ply the profligateest service possible that the fast nutrition restaurant estimate and nominate good customer service.Burger Kings policy is to give the customer numerous choices and to accurately and readily provide whatever the customer chooses for example our restaurant menu board provide customers graphical communication.Burger Kings procedures are similarly arranged with their goals. In order to individualize each order they provide customers with some options when ordering. Some options include fries or onion rings, cheese, bacon, mustard, ketchup, mayonnaise, lettuce, tomato, pickles, and onion.The customer slew pick any combination of these options that they desire, such(prenominal) as different meals of backbite burger, chicken burger and salad burgers.One employee takes the customers order, the customer then moves down the line where other employee is preparing the order. Mean fleck, the original employee is taking another customers order. Customers also get their own drinks while they are waiting for their meal. This makes service much faster in that employees do not have to prepare drinks or provide refills.The climate at Burger King was very pleasant and customer nookie enjoy their meals by watching television at dining room.The restaurant was very undress and there were no loud noises from the service area. They also provided relaxing medical specialty for customers to listen to while dining.Burger King possessed more than adequate communication and leadership. Employees gave the customers feedback on their orders. Each customer rec eived a receipt, which enabled them to double-check their order. The employees also read the order back to the customer before handing them the order.In hurt of leadership, a manager does visit to every station and he is taking order and coaching round in proper way. FOR EXAMPE he is do supervision every station and lead every team segment so everything goes in proper manner.Burger Kings subtlety and ethicsBurger King last elbow room how improving ethics in shaping that means lesson rights and wrong of any decisions in Burger King.How people behave in brass for example in our Burger King company had made some rules and normal so all the staff should follow those rules, and how all the staff behaves with each other and how they behave with customers.By providing staff proper training to cite company values so that all atom of the organisation should watch proper way of work.For example in the Burger King the company shot standard of all food and safety like temperature , holding time of all harvest-homes, and the culture of Burger King includes standards , spoken communication ,way of behaving, way of communicating, way of dressing .Standards conniption standard of merchandises temperature, holding time and the entire staff member follow these standards.Language we have different staff form different culture and ethics values but at work place all the staffs speaks only English language.Dressing company having dress of all staff so that dress communicates any one is working in Burger King. behavior of behave every staff behaves politely and friendly.Management of acquaintance re comesAccording to that concept knowledge management how the knowledge put in very much and how it is good for any organisation. So for this first decide what organisation objective is.For our Burger King the main objective is providing good tonus of fast food and good customer service to achieve this objective there are some steps.Manager should have good knowledge o f food.Good quality of foodGood cooking equipment.Trained all staff in proper wayAll staff should follow rules in fast food organisationProvide latest technology equipment and sharing that knowledge with staff and how effective it is.To trained staff how to sale more product by kindleing customer, if customer want only whopper burger then suggest him buy meal its cheaper.To share knowledge of new equipment to all staff. congregation energizingsIs the study of convocations, and also a general term for pigeonholing processes. Relevant to the fields ofpsychology,sociology, andcommunication studies, agroupis two or more individuals who are connected to each other by complaisant relationships.Because they interact and influence each other, groups develop a number of dynamic processes that separate them from a random collection of individuals. These processes include norms, roles, relations, development, enquire to belong, affectionate influence, and effects on behaviour. There is some barrierRisking when taking in group how much a person can take lay on the line in communication.Expectations that means in group what the other people stomach from you and how to control your expectations.Avoidance that means behaviour of a person to do use to avoid, may be that is habit or people can change their behaviour to make more relation with their group.Probing that means how you explain in group according to the requirement of other member of group.Control when any one taking in group and other member control you in his way how you feel in that communication. button up sometimes it better way to asseverate silence in group according to the situation.Meeting managementIn any business chance on is very important part of communication, and to make skirmish run efficaciously are following points.An effective meeting serves a useful purpose. This means that in it, you achieve a desired outcome. For a meeting to meet this outcome, or objective, you have to be clear a bout what it is the purpose of meeting. by and large manager in any organisation call a meeting to discuss something important discussion.Use time wisely time is a precious resource, and no one wants their time wasted. With the amount of time we all spend in meetings, you owe it to yourself and your team to streamline the meeting as much as possible. So in meeting make docket, the agenda is what you leave behind refer to in order to keep the meeting rivulet on target and on time. For making agenda some points should be consider.Priorities-what main topic is discuss in meeting.Results-what decisions will be taken.Participants-who are attending the meeting.Sequence-order of discussed topic.Timing-discussion time of topic.Date and Time-when will the meeting take place.Place-where will the meeting take place.Satisfied participants that a sensible process has been followed at a time you have an agenda prepared, you need to circulate it to the participants and get their feedback and i nput. Once in the meeting, to ensure maximum satisfaction for everyone, there are several things you should keep in mindIf certain people are doing conversation, make a point of asking others for their ideas.At the end of each agenda item, quick summarize what was said, and ask people to confirm that thats a fair summary. thence make notes regarding follow-up.Note items that require further discussion.Watch body language and make adjustments as necessary. Maybe you need a break, or you need to stop someone from speaking too much.Ensure the meeting cincture on topic.List all tasks that are generated at the meeting. Make a note of who is assigned to do what, and by when.At the boney of the meeting, quickly summarize next steps and inform everyone that you will be displace out a meeting summary.StakeholderThe Burger King manages to communicate with all involvement holders with who are straight off and indirectly linked with the organisation.Management and employees they also comm unicate with Burger King their jobs, pay and working hours etcCustomers customers are also communicating with organisation when they buy any product.Supplier different supplier can communicate with organisation such as bakery supplier, beef and chicken bar supplier, salad suppliers, equipment suppliers all are communicate according to their requirement.Banks company communicate with banks, directly transfer money to company account by using eftpos (electronic device). monetary organisation provide finance to an organisation.Government the government tax policies oddly Inland Revenue communicate with organisation to pay tax according to sales of organisation.Trade unions these unions are communicating with worker of organisation to provide laws and rights of worker.City council communicate with organisation that business runs according to government standards and providing good quality product.NetworksIn our Burger King there various methods of communications such as telephone, fax , internet, E- mail, etc. There are two types of networksLOCAL country NETWORKS (LANs) where all the electronic machines are connected with each other and close to each other.WIDE AREA NETWORKS (WANs) where estimator communicate with each other via telephone lines or wireless transmission.Some examples of networks in Burger King areMinder Thats electronic device which connected with PHU (PRODUCT UNIT HOLDER) calculated which product is expires after a certain limit so the screen of baby minder communicate with staff which chicken patty is expired.Drive thru system that electronic device which can communicate between Burger King staff and customers. net communicate managers with head office via emails.Telephone this is also good source of communication in business.Electronic device to help taking order on front counter and drive thru and that system connecting with main computer in the office.ConclusionTo conclude that the communication process takes place in different level in Bur ger King, like as verbal, and non-verbal and different sources are apply to complete this process step by step and how it is effective in the organisation. In our organisation how people communicate with staff, manager communicates with staff, networks used in organisation.

The Social Arrangements Made By Organisations Commerce Essay

The Social Arrangements Made By Organisations Commerce EssayAn Organisation is genial arrangements for achieving controlled performance in pursuit of incorporated goals (Buchanan Huczynski 1997). The transcription can withal be defined as, tender element developed by gentleman to serve near(prenominal) purpose. An organization usu each(prenominal)y consists of more than one people. match to Rollinson, the organizations ar goals directed i.e. they argon created to serve some purpose. However, this does not hold still for that e rattling(prenominal)one in the particular organization has the common goals and neither does it follow that everybody is informed of the goals pursued by the organization. Achieving the purpose or the goals for the organisation normally requires that serviceman activity be deliberately bodily tender structured and coordinated in some instruction, thus there ordain be identifiable parts or activities (Rollinson, 2008).For example, let us take our University as an organisation. The students, teaching staffs, non-teaching staffs, top management, workers, buildings and early(a) resources available in the university form the organisation. The purpose of the university is to provide the pure tone program line to the students. There is a flori finishing being followed up in this organisation. The civilization plays a major occasion in the organisation. notwithstanding this stopping point is distinguishable from one organisation to some other.What is Organisational Behaviour?It is the study of human behavior in organisational contexts, with a focus on individual and group processes and actions. Hence, it involves an exploration of organisational and managerial processes in the dynamic context of the organisation and is primarily interested with the human implications of such activities (Brooks, 2009). So it is essential to understand the human behavior and the organisational behaviour.Each and every person in their l ives is inevitably involved in some sort of organizations. So it is of import to poll the organisation in which we atomic number 18 involved. The pastime argon about the doubles, organizational structure and the role of socialization in the organisation.2. PARADIGMSParadigm is the name retainn to the beliefual frameworks inwardly which the association is maturated. A paradigm is constituted, in part, by the rules which be for the virtually part accepted as necessary to follow in order to produce good goledge (Jackson and carter, 2007). More significantly, a paradigm consists of the sh atomic number 18d beliefs and assumptions of knowledge producers about what knowledge is, which shargond beliefs and assumptions argon institutionalised through game structure, such as universities, and through training (Corlett and Forster, 2004). The paradigm contains a warning for solving the problems faced that it is not a real structure.The invention of knowledge paradigm was i ntroduced by Thomas Kuhn in the year 1962. The schemes are about how people view the reality, what school of thought these people live on to, what charitable of scientific tolls their use to carry out the science and what kind of metaphors can describe their way of thinking.In the year 1979, Burrell and Morgan developed this concept as Social paradigm which has been widely accepted by some scientists. A paradigm can be employ as a lens through which we can view the world. agree to Burrell and Morgan there are four types of paradigm by which the organization can be viewed. They areFunctionalist paradigmInterpretative paradigm primitive Humanist paradigm idea structuralist paradigm.They place ii complete core principles that divide researchers in two groups the Objective dimension and the Subjective dimension. tally to Jackson and Carter, the functionalist are the ones which turn around the organisation in an objective way and beliefs on more a structural and control type in the organisation. Most conventional theories of organisational synopsis and organisational behavior will fall under this paradigm. The functionalist beliefs the managerial interests as a hierarchy were the rules and regulations and power in an organisation is an important factor in their organisation. (Jackson and Carter, 2007)http//www.ncjrs.gov/policing/mitar2_1.gifRadical structuralists are the ones which share the view of the functionalist were the organisational power and structure is the important factor where this paradigm concentrate in a structural human affinity in an organisation (Jackson and Carter, 2007).Radical improvers are the far opposite of the functionalist. According to Jackson and Carter, this paradigm shares the construeivist view of organisations as social construction nevertheless in like manner shares the radical structuralist view of the organisations as instruments of power and domination. Radical humanist believe in transmit and structural way of communication in an organisation and more subjective in decision making.Interpretivist paradigms are the ones which are concerned with regulation but understand the real world situation. Interpretivist paradigms are more realistic and believe relationship within the organisation with some rules and regulation is the best work place to work referred from (Jackson and Carter, 2007).I identified my paradigm as an Interpretivist by using the questionnaire model to understand the types of paradigm and their views in radical change and subjective or objective interlingual rendition of an organisation.According to Collins understanding a persons paradigm from a questionnaire cannot give the person the compensate view of which paradigm we fall in as it is just simple exercise and the mood of the person gives a capacious touch on when he answers the questionnaire. So, it is subjected to change from one organisation to another. (Collins, 1996)3. METHODOLOGY OF instruction GATHERINGThe n ame of the organization which we are going to realise in this study is Santha Textiles. I absorb chosen this organization because it is my fathers participation. So, it will leisurely for me to gather the information and analyse the organization to the core. And another reason for choosing this organization is that I will be in the connection every weekend while doing my undergraduate studies in India. So, I know what is the socialization and the structure followed up in the caller-out. I generally visit the company to know how well the business is going, what are the techniques involved and to develop my managerial capabilities. These precedent get it ons will be helpful to bring out my thoughts regarding polish at Santha Textiles when we proceed further.4. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT THE ORGANIZATIONSantha Textiles is a textile fabric manufacturing company situated in South India. The company is manufacturing the textile products for more than 30 years. During the ye ars the company has grown steadily and started merchandising its product throughout India. The company has a strong reputation in its field. This strong reputation and market share is exclusively due to its quality products.The company employs more than 350 employees and uses latest machines in its state of art factories to compensate its product right away from raw materials to the finished goods. The company mainly manufactures cotton fabrics which are used for shirts, bed spreads and some Indian traditional wears. The company follows all the rules and regulations which are stated by the Indian Government.The following is my assessment of the structure and the stopping point in Santha textiles. This mainly elaborates about the structure and the coating followed in the company throughout their business periods.5. ANALYSING DATA WITH publications REVIEW5.1. DEFINITION OF CULTURE AND CULTURE IN SANTHA TEXTILESOrganisational culture cadaver a controversial concept. The concept o f culture is in itself a social concept. Therefore it follows that the concept of organizational culture should be viewed as the social concept of an organization and is an interpretation of the way how the organization be hand overs. Basically culture is a very diverse subject as it varies from uncouth to country and from organisation to organisation. Organisational culture is defined as the collection of relatively same and enduring values, beliefs, customs, traditions and practices that are shared by an organisations member, learned by recent recruits, and transmitted from one generation of employees to the next (Buchanan and Huczynski, 2004). According to this definition culture in one organisation is different from other organisation. Each and every organisation has their own tradition, beliefs, values and practices in them. However, organizational culture is a scientifically accepted concept used to define and describe the collective individual behavior within the organisat ion. The culture has a significant blow to achieve the organisations aims and on the development of the organisation.Lundbergs seven points make it clear that culture is a soft aspect of an organisation, in which the details are carried in peoples mind, even though these people may not be aware of doing so they use this information to interpret what surrounds them, for example to judge whether something is right or equipment casualty, suitable or unsuitable (Rollinson, 2008). So, people use this information to judge the decision whether it will go right or wrong in the organisation.Each and every organisation has their own unique culture even though they name not tried to create consciously. These cultures would rich person been created by the top management or by the split ups who build that organisation. But in some organisation the top level management tries to change the culture of the organisation based on the location and condition in which the organisation is located.Th is change of culture will be more useful in decision making, managing and to bring out the success of their organisation. Culture allows for analogy and agreement on some matters but also rely upon differences and in some cases make it safe to disagree (Hatch, 2006).Organisational cultures have complex relationships with the surrounds in which they operate and from which they recruit their members. When an organisation is created it becomes its own world and the culture in the organisation becomes its foundation. Peoples actions and the work in the organisation are not everlastingly their own but are largely influenced by the socialization processes of specialised culture to which they belong. According to Schein, organizational culture is the key to organizational duty and the function of leadership is the creation and management of culture. Hence culture is very difficult to change unless one changes the people in the group.There are many theorists who describes about the cul ture in the organisation. We are going to see about the Scheins theory of oranisational culture in this assessment. Relating with the Scheins theory we can canvas the culture in Santha textiles.5.2. RELATING SCHEINS MODEL WITH THE ORGANISATIONEdgar Scheins model of culture is among most widely discussed. According to Buchanan and Huczynski, it considers organizational culture in terms of tercet levels, each distinguished by its visibility to and accessibility by individuals. Organisational culture is the pattern of basic assumption which a group has invented, discovered or developed in learning to cope with its problems of external adaptation and integration, which have worked well enough to be considered valid, and therefore to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think and tone in relation to the problems (Schein, 1985).Scheins thoroughgoing view is that culture is the sharing of meaning and the sharing of basic assumptions among organisational employees (Bu chanan and Huczynski, 1997). According to Scheins theory of organisational culture there are ternion levels of culture described. The three levels of cultures are Artifacts, value and Basic assumptions.6. LEVELS OF CULTURE6.1. ArtefactsThis is the first level of culture. Artefacts are considered to be the only macroscopic factor in a culture. Artefacts are manifestations or expressions of the same culture core that produces and maintains the values and norms however, their future infinite from the core can make it even more difficult to interpret their cultural significance unambiguously (Hatch, 2006).One of the main Artefact of Santha textiles is, the way in which the production is set up in the factories. The logo of the company can also be considered as an artifact because the logo ashes the same from the starting of the company till now and it is a visible factor. The artefacts in the company can be easily visualized and seen. The symbols and the renders used in the company can also be considered as artefacts. The caption used by Santha textiles influences the culture and the type of product they produce. There have been many ritual ceremonies which are being held in Santha textiles. These ritual ceremonies face the culture in the company and how well the company gives importance to the culture that is followed. In Santha textiles, it is believed to act as a positive force in the working of the company. Language is also considered to be one artefact. In Santha textiles, the topical anaesthetic language called Tamil is spoken in all the departments and by all the employees. We can see that there is a respect shown from one employee to another inside the company. The older employees share their knowledge and experiences with the new comer and they are treated well. The history of an organisation inevitably has a huge impact on its culture and that some cultural elements can be traced vertebral column to the values and ideologies of the firms founder. Most of the ideologies followed in Santha textiles are formed by the founder of the company.6.2. ValuesThe next level in Scheins layered conceptualization of culture is the values and beliefs. Values are the social principles, goals and standards that cultural members believe have intrinsic worth (Hatch, 2006). Organisational values are those things that have personal or organizational worth or meaning to the founders or senior management. Values are typically based on moral, societal or phantasmal precepts that are learned in childhood and modified through experience (Buchanan and Huczynski, 1997). Where do these values come from? Values are the views of the original founder, as modified by the companys current management (Schein, 2004).The culture in Santha textiles is influenced only by the founder of the company The company is working towards its goal which is the prevalent factor in the business. Mostly all the employees in the company were unsophisticated and trustworthy. But some of the employees were not honest to their job. This affects the companys production. So, the trust on these employees fails in this condition in the company. Effort is also one of the prevailing factors which influenced the company to grow such an extent for years. Mostly all the employees put their intact effort to make the company to reach its goal. So, for their efforts Santha textiles gives a good earnings and seasonal bonus. Some tours have also been arranged for the employees twice in a year to relax themselves. The founder feels that this will encourage the employees and it will be better for the company.6.3. Basic assumptionsBasic Assumption is the third level in Scheins layered conceptualization of culture. In Scheins view they are fundamental beliefs that are so taken for granted that most people in a cultural unit subscribe to them but not in a conscious way (Rollinson, 2008). These assumptions are formed inside the company when it is created. Assumptions which are formed in the beginning dont change often. These assumptions are not seen when the oraganisation is viewed as such. In Santha textiles, we can see a sense of plebeian respect between the employees, no matter in what positions are and in what department they are in. As everyone know that the textile market is a competitive one in India. So, there is always a feel of competition between the firms. Santha textile takes more interest in protect the society around which it operates. They ensure that their factories do not harm the environment and the atmosphere. There has never been an employees strike since beginning of the company as the relationship between the employees and the management is good in the company. This indicates that all the employees are at rest with their work and the salary they get. Employee welfare is a factor that has been prevailing in Santha textiles since it started its operation in the late 1970s.7. CONCLUSIONThis is all about the culture that is preva iling in Santha textiles relating with Scheins layered conceptualization of culture. It was a challenge for me to analyse the culture of Santha textiles relating with the literature review and Scheins layered conceptualization of culture. However, comparing my experiences with Santha textiles and the literatures has brought so much sense. Me being an Interpretivist, I shared the views of both the intrepretivist paradigm and the Radical humanist paradigm. Both these paradigm care for the human values but understands the real world situations. Based on this study I tacit that culture in Santha textile is a mixture of value, human welfare, environmental care and local culture in which the company is held. Finally, these analyses tell me that I very much fall in Interpretivist paradigm but also share the views of radical humanist paradigm.

Edgar Allen Poe: An analysis

Edgar exclusivelyen Poe An analysisHere is something to ponder Edgar Allan Poe once expressed, imagine dreams that no one has ever dreamed before (Poe, The Raven). Even if a person is only a little familiar with the firearmner of this productive generator, he potbelly immediately identify some irony in the origin quotation. It is very ironic in the sense that a existence who suffered such incredible losses in his living was still open to pursue his dreams. Edgar Allan Poe came from a aliveness of poverty, exclusively is now considered one of Americas some prolific writers. Indeed, the reality that Poe came from nothing makes his achievements, as both a writer and a person, even more than awe-inspiring. in that respectfore, Poe is certainly right about his well-advised saying, as it confers the story of his brio. Perhaps he was so successful because he wrote about his own life and both his physical and mental experiences. All of the unfortunate events in his life se rve as the framework for bity a(prenominal) of his famous pieces, including Annabel lee side, The Raven, and The F both of the set up of Usher. In fact, many of his piece of musics delve into the things Poe experienced in his life, especially remnant. The life of Edgar Allan Poe is characterized by mingled unfortunate events, which enchant the themes of his writing discern, lust, and end.The for the first time and most prominent is the presence of a dead soul or anxious(p) woman. This is no surprise as all the women in Poes life died from terabyte. In Annabel lee, the title character happens to be the dead soul woman. It is indecipherable to whom Poe addressed Annabel Lee as his m another(prenominal), adoptive mother, and wife were all stoogedidates (Peltak 91). many an(prenominal) believe the deceased character set ups all the women he love and anomic (Peltak 91). Regardless of who she personifies, she is idealized as a youthful, beautiful lady. There is witha l a relation between decaying beauty and the physical signs of tuberculosis. The physical signs of tuberculosis include pale, luminous skin and red cheeks which corresponds to the victim in Annabel Lee as her beauty faded away (Peltak 15). Perhaps Poe is successful at raising the dead so believably because it was such a continual fact of his life (Peltak 15).Another aspect of Poes poetry that reflects his personal life is the element of the grieve man. Poe was left grief stricken after the death of his mother, adoptive mother, and wife. The feeling Poe experienced is sympathetic to the straining and grief the man in Annabel Lee exhibits. In this circumstance, the speaker is a surviving economise or lover. The bank clerk laments his woolly love, his beautiful Annabel Lee. The plot twist at the end of the poetry is that the fabricator ends up in the sepulcher by the sea. Such an action can be a sign of the narrators lawful love. The narrator almost seems obsessed with the lov e the ii sh ared, which is analogous to his birth with Virginia. A prominent theme is the love of beauty and the lamentation of its passing game into death (Otfinoski 6). The repetition of the name Annabel Lee proves how much this woman meant to the grieve man. Poe truly wants the reader to experience the same pain he snarl after losing the loves of his life.The insanity of the narrator impacts the metrical composition immensely. The narrator thinks Annabel Lee was taken away because people were envious. He believed her death was supernatural rather than an illness. aft(prenominal) the death of Annabel Lee, the narrator is left in solitude, and thus becomes insane. Edgar Allan Poe was left in complete solitude various times in his life since he was abandoned by both father figures and all the women he loved died. Poe was also known as a depressed and morbid man, specially during the last few long time of his life.The gothic themes of perversion, death, and insanity all refle ct the pain in his life. More importantly, they contain a meaning end-to-end the work itself. Insanity is present as the narrator experiences a dying of his mind, body, and soul. The plot is twisted because the reader discovers that the narrator may be in the tomb with Annabel Lee at the end of the poem. Death is important to the narrator as he ponders what happens before, during, and after passing away. All of the former themes look at an underlying meaning that is related to Poes life. He experienced perversion, death, and insanity in his life and making them all of the major themes of his works is the way he conveys himself.Poes best known poem, The Raven, was published in 1845 and certainly made Poe famous. The poem became so famous that people referred to Poe as the pig (Oakes 3). Similar to Annabel Lee, specific themes in The Raven correlate to Poes personal life. Some important themes to make stock of include insanity, death, loneliness, and the element of supernatural. Each theme is relevant to Poes life in at least one perspective.The most obvious theme is the thirstiness over a lost loved one. Specifically, the talking raven reminds the narrator about his dead love, Lenore. Although Poe mourned the deaths of various women in his life, many critics believe this poem was written for his wife, Virginia. When The Raven was published, Virginia had been wasting away from tuberculosis for three years (Peltak 13). It is strongly believed that The Raven was written in portrayal of the tragedy that existed for the two lovers (Oakes 2). never again is the ravens repetitive message that is instantly recognizable even alfresco the context of the poem (Peltak 12). The effective repetition of this phrase gives the poem a dramatic intensity that carries the story and the reader to an ultimate realization (Otfinoski 5). The narrator, who is the mourning keep up, finally realizes that his soul volition Nevermore be freed from the shadow of his former love (Wh iting 36). It is very possible the intensity and intricacy was intended as a means to represent Poes complex life, especially regarding women. He lost one loved woman after another, and mourned each death more than the other. The repetition of the demonic message, Nevermore emphasizes Poe provide no longer be reunited with his deceased mother, adoptive mother, and wife. Poe is extremely talented in his ability to heighten his prose and give his audience an alluring mix of accessibility and mystery (Peltak 12). Critics are convinced that it is a mystery and increase of anxiety that allows The Raven to thrill generation after generation. Yet, despite the element of horror and fantasy, The Raven is in the long run a Poem about remembering (Peltak 13).The steady reply of Nevermore haunts the narrator, who is unable to reconcile the loss of Lenore, and thus loses insanity (Peltak 13). The husband serves as a grieving man who goes insane by the end of the poem. The raven refuses to le ave the door of the library, just the like the pain from Lenores death will never fade. A few parallels between Poes life and literature can immediately be recognized. The grief-stricken narrator resembles Poe because both men will never be relieved from the death of a loved one. The infuriated narrator reveals that the raven remains in the library and that he can never be free of its torment, just like Poe will never be free of the torment of his grief (Peltak 12). It is also clear that Poe correlates the death of a loved woman to the loss of beauty because Lenore is idealized as youthful, beautiful, and perfect (Peltak 16). This also implies the beauty he saw in the women he lost, which possibly sparked more despair. Poe stresses the concept of beauty like no other writer. Since Poe views beauty as perfection, and it is impossible to attain perfection, it is essentially impractical to insist beauty. This statement is feasible because Poe lost all beauty in his life nor was ther e anything beautiful about his life. The loss of beauty only deepens the torture the grieving narrator experiences. Poes emphasis on Lenores beauty majusculely affects her husband and drives him insane.The themes of death, loneliness, and insanity are not only evident in The Raven, scarce also in Poes life. The supernatural element is the talking raven. Poe definitely believed in the supernatural because he thinks death is somewhat supernatural. For instance, in Annabel Lee, the narrator believed Annabels death was utterly supernatural. Because both Poe and the characters of his stories believed in the supernatural, they were often seen as insane. In The Raven, the narrators insaneness is sparked by the ravens taunting he is convinced the raven will never leave. The financial anguish and Virginias death drove Poe to depression and self-destructive alcoholism (Peltak 37). Poes downfall is very similar to the demolition of the narrators mind, body, and soul. The narrator becomes depressed because he will Nevermore see his love again, thus his breakdown begins. He is lonely after the death of his wife, which is analogous to Poes loneliness after Virginias death. subsequently her death it was nearly impossible for Poe to find stable love and support. manage Annabel Lee and The Raven, the recurrent themes of death, perversion, and destruction of the mind, body, and soul are only a few of the numerous themes found throughout The Fall of the fireside of Usher. When first studying The Fall of the House of Usher, the reader will immediately musical note that Roderick Usher is mentally sick. Because of his mental illness, Roderick represents the mind, which evidently reflects the mental conflict Poe suffered in his life. Between his depression and the addictions, it is fair to say that Poes life gad been mentally rough. Roderick Usher characterizes all of Poes mental battles. Poe was certainly, attracted to ghost stories and the supernatural (Otfinoski 4). It is no oddity why he is fascinated by horror stories since his life was similar to one. Both are full of death and madness.Since the male represents the mind, it is logical that the womanly signifies the body. Rodericks sister Madeline is physically sick. Madelines illness essentially reflects the illness the women in Poes life had. The tortured or grieving man, dying or deceased woman, a supernatural element, a creepy or gloomy setting and various symbols and omens are all easily recognizable in The Fall of the House of Usher. The crumbling house with a crack provides the gloomy and creepy setting in The Fall of the House of Usher. It would be unreasonable to expect a man who has experienced a great add up of death and loneliness in his life to write about cheerful subjects.Madeline, the body, needs Roderick, the mind, to die. Both represent to halves of the whole which indicates an incestuous relationship. Edgars relationship with Virginia was indeed incestuous, since they were co usins. After Madeline and Roderick die, the house, representing the soul, splits and falls. Since Poe experienced all the elements within his story, it was probably relatively simple for him to include such great detail and intensity. It happens to be this personal intensity, more than any other literary characteristic, that makes Poes best tales so haunting and unforgettable (Otfinoski 4).In Poes literature, the same unspeakable themes occur in story after story (Otfinoski 4). both theme and element is relevant and related. The enigmatic quality of the strange is evident in the gloomy setting and perverted plot twist. Madeline was alive all along, and in conclusion kills her brother causing the house to fall. There were many strange aspects of Poes life, particularly the fact that the three women he loved the most died of the same disease. The destruction of the mind, body, and soul exemplified through the downfall of Roderick, Madeline, and the crumpling house. The collapse of Poe and the people in his life can be easily seen through this ambiguous symbolism. Just like the rest of Poes literature, there is insanity, which is mostly epitomized by Roderick.It would take an infinite amount of pages to explain every correlation between Poes life and Annabel Lee, The Raven, and The Fall of the House of Usher. However, it is most essential to recognize that he expresses his emotions through the imperative themes of his literature. Every poem and story contains relatively the same elements a grieving man, deceased women, the supernatural, insanity, love, and of course, death. The redundancy of these themes indicates the importance of these elements, and also how much they impacted Poes life. The tortured and grieving man concurs with Poes loneliness all throughout his lifetime. The deceased or dying women symbolizes the writers mother, adoptive mother, or wife who left him alone after death. Poes feelings toward love and death are very unique and are shaped by t he events in his life. Poe loved all three women and venerated their beauty, even after they died. There is always a character that goes insane in Poes literature, which acts as a reflection of Poe himself. Poe is a literary genius because he is successful at turning the unfortunate troubles of his life into the major themes of his stories. Life threw him terrible situation, but with them he created literature, both brilliant and expressive.

Spanking Your Child is NOT Necessary Essay -- Against Corporal Punishm

Spanking Your fry is NOT Necessary Spanking your child has created a firestorm of debate among parents and non-parents alike. there appears to be only two sides to the argument, those for and those against. Each offers evidence to support their case, and both(prenominal) sides are fervent in there beliefs. There are many parenting books, classes, and articles on the internet to help lot through the process of decent a parent. Each has there own take up on case, provided most I have read are against larruping. The idea of discipline has changed a lot over the years. My Grand overprotect had very stern rules when it came to punishment. My father on the other hand was a lot more lax. this instant that I myself am a father, I am grappling with the questions of what to do with my children. I dont believe in conquering. I take the approach of time outs, and other various forms of punishment. In San Francisco it is illegal to spank your child. Whether or not the government shou ld intervene in the discipline of peoples children is a touchy subject. On one hand I applaud their decision. But on the other, the thought of Big Brother enters my mind. If a law can be passed legislating how we punish our children, how far can they go? And in which direction? If one municipality decides spanking is bad, what is to stop some other from deciding it is good? Do we want laws passed stating that we should, or have to spank our children? The chances of that happening are slim, but stranger things have h...

Alexander the Great :: essays research papers fc

black lovage the owing(p)Introduction black lovage leash was born on July 20th, 356 BC to force Philip II and Olympias. He was born in Pella, Macedonia. In 343 BC Aristotle was hired to educate black lovage at the age of 13. In 338 he commanded for the outset time the Calvary during the appointment of Chaeronea. horse parsley ascends the fundament of Macedonia in 336 BC after the murder of his father, King Philip II. 336-323 BC is when he started his conglomerate, conquering kingdom after kingdom. why was Alexander the Great?Alexander III was known as Alexander the Great to his people from 336-323 BC. wherefore to this day do we still look at Alexander the Great as one of the greatest rulers of the world? Even though Alexander ruled for only 13 years as king of Macedonian what made him gain the title as Alexander the Great? Should he be known for it because of his military skills, his popularity with his people or his leadership skills? Why did Alexander deserve to be called the Great? He was not the first of his time to be called it. There were two others before him that were called the Great, the Persian King Cyrus the Great and the Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses the Great. To this day his leadership skills are still considered by military experts as being the most outstanding commanders of all time. Alexander was able to motivate and inspire his troops to fight any battle for him by leading his troops, talked to every single troop and received the selfsame(prenominal) wounds that they did. One thing that can only be marveled at is the everyplace whelming factor, his charisma. He was the only individual that was able to hold together an empire together. After his death the empire fell apart into competing kingdoms.Alexander III is known to have helped shaped the world the way we know it today. Persians, Egyptians, Babylonians were east cultures that dominated the world until Alexander came into rule. He changed the focus on politeness from the eastern t o the western societies, Greece and Rome. Alexander took the gold reserves of the Persian Kings and minted it into currency, utilise his resources to build new cities while continuing his conquest of other kingdoms. This enabled the classical civilization to spread through out the known world and improve trade relations and activities. Alexander established an economic system that remained quick until the industrial revolution in the 18th century.

Fuel for Thought Essay example -- Essays Papers

Fuel for theory Should our government regulate the burn economies of our automobiles or should this be left up to the market? The Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) standards that were implemented in the 1970s contri preciselyed to great improvements in vehicle arouse economies. While we become environmental and political reasons to want cars with better fuel power, there ar also costs involved. The declining fuel economies of the last fifteen years count to reveal that many Ameri tramps be not willing to bear these costs. Still, the vehicles that we social movement today whitethorn be a misrepresentation of our true values. We whitethorn value environmental quality and/or independence from foreign oil, only when sometimes our individual actions misrepresent our personal or societal goals. Since peoples actions slew be disconnected from theirvalues and societys goals, we cannot rely solely on the market the governmentshould transmit action to increase the fuel energy of our vehicles. The energy crisis of the 1970s sign on congress to pass a law requiring automakers to improve the number of miles per congius (mpg) that U.S. automobiles used. These CAFE standards direct to vast improvement in fuel efficiency (Another Cup..., 6). In 1973 the average fuel economy of light-duty vehicles, which includes cars, SUVs, vans and pickup arm trucks that weigh less than 8,500 pounds, was 14mpg. By 1987 average fuel economies had reached 22.1mpg. CAFE standards were wintery in the late 1980s. Since then,fuel efficiency has mitigated slightly. The average fuel economy in2003 model-year cars is 20.8 mpg. This tumble is mostly due to theincreased popularity of SUVs. The SUV market sh be increased by morethan a factor of ten, from less tha... ... atomic number 18 held by people in opposition to fuel economy standards. Some people are concerned about gum elastic implications, increased vehicle costs and/or probl ems within the auto industry.7. Samaras, Zissis. Emissions step-down via Improvements in Engines and Fuels The Tehran Case. Journal of Urban Technology 6 (April 1999) 63-87. In this document, Zissis Sararas looks at a two-year project done in Tehran, Iran that aimed to deoxidise vehicle emissions by making engine and fuel improvements. Sararas provides data on emissions in Tehran and compares that to emissions in developed countries. Sararas describes methods from around the world that are used precipitate emissions and/or increase fuel economy. He discusses emissions standards, especially in Europe, diesel engines, fuel improvements, fuel economy regulations in the U.S. and election technologies. Fuel for design Essay example -- Essays PapersFuel for Thought Should our government regulate the fuel economies of our automobiles or should this be left up to the market? The Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) standards that were implemented in the 1970s contributed to great improvements in vehicle fuel economies. While we put up environmental and political reasons to want cars with better fuel efficiency, there are also costs involved. The declining fuel economies of the last fifteen years come along to reveal that many Americans are not willing to bear these costs. Still, the vehicles that we pay back today may be a misrepresentation of our true values. We may value environmental quality and/or independence from foreign oil, but sometimes our individual actions misrepresent our personal or societal goals. Since peoples actions can be disconnected from theirvalues and societys goals, we cannot rely solely on the market the governmentshould take action to increase the fuel efficiency of our vehicles. The energy crisis of the 1970s led congress to pass a law requiring automakers to improve the number of miles per congius (mpg) that U.S. automobiles used. These CAFE standards led to vast impro vement in fuel efficiency (Another Cup..., 6). In 1973 the average fuel economy of light-duty vehicles, which includes cars, SUVs, vans and pickup trucks that weigh less than 8,500 pounds, was 14mpg. By 1987 average fuel economies had reached 22.1mpg. CAFE standards were frosty in the late 1980s. Since then,fuel efficiency has declined slightly. The average fuel economy in2003 model-year cars is 20.8 mpg. This decline is mostly due to theincreased popularity of SUVs. The SUV market share increased by morethan a factor of ten, from less tha... ...are held by people in opposition to fuel economy standards. Some people are concerned about resort implications, increased vehicle costs and/or problems within the auto industry.7. Samaras, Zissis. Emissions decrease via Improvements in Engines and Fuels The Tehran Case. Journal of Urban Technology 6 (April 1999) 63-87. In this document, Zissis Sararas looks at a two-year project done in Tehran, Iran that aimed to r educe vehicle emissions by making engine and fuel improvements. Sararas provides data on emissions in Tehran and compares that to emissions in developed countries. Sararas describes methods from around the world that are used reduce emissions and/or increase fuel economy. He discusses emissions standards, specially in Europe, diesel engines, fuel improvements, fuel economy regulations in the U.S. and alternative technologies.

Using Animals Symbolically by Using Poetic Devices Essay examples -- P

using Animals Symbolically by Using Poetic DevicesI will be discussing the ways in which the poets enforce animalssymbolically by using poetic devices. The three metrical compositions that I bring onchosen are The Tyger by William Blake, The Eagle by Alfred, LordTennyson. Lastly, particolored Beauty by Gerard Manley Hopkins. Alfred LordTennyson has used an image of an eagle to build the reader an image ofa man standing on a cliff top waiting for his world to fall aroundhim. He is in a desolate area there is no clubhouse near him ringedwith the azure world. He stands. He watches the sea follow up lower thanhim his world collapses beneath him n he falls.And like a thunderbolt he fallsThe sun has symbolized God. And his closeness to the eagle. In thispoem, the source has used alliteration lonely lands when he wishesto emphasis the nature, its surroundings and ravishers. Followed byshort verses. He uses metaphors and long lines to show how strong the hissing appears to be. In a ddition, the eagle waits and watches alonefrom the mountain highs to catch his pray. in this poem there is a...

Looking at a Woman Essay -- Literary Analysis, Scott Russell

Women expect made great advancements in improving their rights and roles at bottom society and are now less likely to be viewed as inferior by males. Nevertheless, they are still facing many challenges including creationness perceived as objects and being expected to dress and behave a certain way. In his essay Looking at Women, Scott Russell Sanders analyzes how men very much perceive women as objects because of their indecent wardrobe and their willingness to put their bodies on dis sour. In her essay Why Women Smile, Amy Cunningham explains the value of a smile and how it does not ceaselessly reflect how a muliebrity is truly feeling on the inside. some(prenominal) essays spend much time looking at women and how they are beneath the constant scrutiny from those around them. What the essays of Sanders and Cunningham illustrate is that, while trying to reorganise old stereotypes, women find their identities constructed from their outdoor(a) appearance. The problem is and remains that women are complicit in the shallow construction of female identity that trades depth for surface because they have bought into the idea that a woman must trade on her external appearance to succeed in her public life. Women celebrities often remark that the media negatively displays women and sexually objectifies them through many mediums such as film, TV, video games, and advertisements. However, thither are many female stars that are willing to pose provokingly for a wide variety of mens magazines such as Maxim, a European magazine targeted at men. Their hypocrisy in hit the pictures invalidates the argument that men exploit female sexuality, as they are alike eager to take those pictures. These women are so quick to jump at an opportunity to pose seductively for the camera, a... ... be viewed and represented. It is difficult to believe that they wish to be understood as smart bright women when they appear so artificial and vain. Pretty looks can only take a wo man so far before she must rely on her information and skills. From their apparel to their body language to their facial expressions, women are constantly being examined by the public, and moreover by men. It is a cause and effect blood since men looking at women makes women feel like objects, which in pass by makes them want to become like pieces of toys for men to stare at and play with. Sanders and Cunningham make it apparent that women are much more than their appearance, and have a lot more to offer than a provocative picture or a plastic smile. However, it is up to the women to change the way they portray themselves to the arena if they want to be seen in a different light.

Technologys Impact on Recreation Essay -- Computers

Recreation is not often thought almost as something that is impacted by technology. technology has impacted sport professionals and costumers. It has also changed equipment that people expenditure for divagational activities. All of this has had both positive and cast out affects. Computers and technology have a tremendous influence on recreation and they allow for continue to do so in the future. It is safe to formulate that computers or some piece of technology are apply in most offices today. This includes recreation offices. Computers make it easier for staff to communicate to scramher. It is an essential ramify of the office. Many users today are so dependent on their computers that they cannot discharge their jobs if the computer they use, or the LAN they are on, is not functioning (Murphy, 3). This is extremely true.I worked at a county encampment over the summer where we used computers to register our campers. There were many times, especially in the mornings when the computers wouldnt work. When this occurred we had to manifest the costumers to come back later, or call our main office. Things went a agglomerate smoother when the computers worked. We were able to tell people what sites were available and when in fair a couple of minutes. It was impossible to look up that information by hand, because it was all on our computers.Recreational costumers benefit from computers. They are able to use the internet to sign up for classes and other recreational programs. Park rule Web sites will allow residents not only the ability to get into classes, but also to change classes, drop classes, request refunds, and to manage their accounts online (Murphy, 3). This speeds up the process of many things, because a person doesnt ha... ...urred at the campground I worked at over the summer. Some people just did not want to learn how to use the computers. This made it hard on everyone, because indeed only certain people could regis ter campers. Technology in the recreation field has pros and cons. I do believe that the positives do out numerate the negatives. It has created more and different types of equipment for activities. This allows people with special needs to participate in activities they would otherwise not have the chance to do, because of the advancements in technology. It has broadened the world of recreation, and will continue to increase with time. Works CitedEdginton, Christopher R., et al. Leisure and Life Satisfaction. New York McGraw-Hill, 2002.Murphy, Jeff. Technology in the Park and Recreation Workplace. 9 Novemberhttp//www.lib.niu.edu/ipo/ip011119.html.

Eradicating the Deaf-World Essay -- Hearing Auditory Essays

Eradicating the deaf-WorldJust like members of separate minorities, such as Hispanics and African-Americans, desensitise mess experience some of the same oppression and hardships. Although the attempts to fix members of and set aside the DEAF-WORLD are not as highly publicized as problems with other minorities, they still exist. Throughout time, hearing people gull been trying to drop off the DEAF-WORLD with the eugenics movement, the mainstreaming of deafen children into public hearing schools, and cochlear implants.Over whole, the eugenics movement was meant to discourage Deaf people from socializing, intermarrying, and reproducing with each other. But these goals are very much unachievable. When Deaf children are growing up in a residential school, they have no choice but to socialize with other Deaf children. Since they all pretty much use the same language, socialization is not a problem for them. Because these children grow up with others who use their language, they t end to remain besotted to their friends and often intermarry. Many people, including A. G. gong, were opposed to Deaf marrying other Deaf. gong say that sign language causes the intermarriage of deaf-mutes and the propagation of their physical defect (Lane, 1996382). Bell also claimed that society was condoning the spread of a defective race of tender-hearted beings by allowing Deaf people to socialize with each other (Jankowski, 199753). Since others as well saw deafness as a physical defect, they agreed with Bell and started adopting oral schools for the Deaf where signed language is prohibited. If oral schools ended up being the only schools for Deaf, then their signed languages would have diminished on with a part of their heritage and culture. A long time ago, m... ...eliminated. The eugenic movement, mainstreaming, and cochlear implants have yet to prove that the culture of Deaf people can be taken away from them, which is ultimately a rattling(prenominal) thing. Bibli ographyJankowski, Katherine A. (1997). Deaf Empowerment Emergence, Strugge, and Rhetoric. Gallaudet University Press, Washington DC.Lane, Harlan (1992). Cochlear Implants are Wrong for newfangled Deaf Children. Viewpoints on Deafness. Ed. Mervin D. Garretson. National Association of the Deaf, Silver Spring, MD. 89-92.Lane, Harlan Hoffmeister, Rob and Bahan, Ben (1996). A Journey Into the DEAF-WORLD. Dawn Sign Press, San Diego, Ca.Padden, Carol and Humphries, Tom (1988). Deaf in America Voices from a Culture. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.Sacks, Oliver (1990). Seeing Voices A Journey Into the World of the Deaf. harper Perennial, New York, NY.

The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir Essay -- Essays on The Second Sex

Simone de Beauvoir, in her 1949 text The Second Sex, examines the problems faced by women in Western society. She argues that women are subjugated, oppressed, and made to be inferior to males alone by virtue of the item that they are women. She notes that men define their let humankind, and women are merely meant to live in it. She sees women as unable to vary the world like men can, unable to live their lives freely as men can, and, tragically, mostly unaware of their own oppression. In The Second Sex, de Beauvoir describes the oppressiveness of woman, defines a method for her liberation, and recommends strategies for this liberation that still have not been employ today.De Beauvoir, in attempting to define the subjugation experienced by woman, notes that women lag foundation other oppressed groups of her epoch, like Jews and blacks. She argues that women are behind in price of civil rights mainly because they have not identified that they are and so being oppressed, despite their lack of social and professional status. De Beauvoir writes that the epithet of egg-producing(prenominal) has the sound of an insult, (1) meaning that women experience discrimination and social inequity. Further, she asserts that man is creditworthy for the construction of a world based upon his values, his norms, and his capabilities. She is unsurprised by the fact that woman has achieved comparatively less in a male-oriented culture, how could anyone possibly deliver woman to accomplish as much as man? This social commentary transcends legal status. The acquisition of civil rights will not be enough to right the wrongs perpetrated upon woman as a whole, according to de Beauvoir. Liberalism, wherefore, is overly insufficient to address the problems wom... ...ated socialism as a method of societal structure based on reciprocity, but our current system of capitalism fosters aggression and competition instead. The quest for material possessions and wealth a s signs of top executive and success leads to endless competition. This runs counter to the induction of reciprocity into our society and therefore means that reciprocal relationships, defined by de Beauvoir as requisite to the liberty of woman, are not the culturally accepted norm. To truly state that de Beauvoirs vision has been realized, Western society would need to entirely scrap its capitalistic system and redefine itself in terms of community, reciprocity, and sharing. This has definitely not happened yet, and until it does the world will continue to be defined on male terms. whole works CitedBeauvoir, Simone De. The Second Sex. New York Knopf, 1953. Print.

The Guilt of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Essay -- Macbeth essays

Characters in the Shakespearean cataclysm Macbeth scarcely feel guilt - with two exceptions Macbeth and skirt Macbeth. In this try on lets consider their guilt-problem. In his book, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, H. S. Wilson comments regarding the guilt of the help It is a subtler thing which constitutes the chief fascination that the foregather exercises upon us - this business organization Macbeth feels, a fear not fully defined, for him or for us, a terrible anxiety that is a sense of guilt without becoming (recognizably, at least) a sense of sin. It is not a sense of sin because he refuses to severalize such a category and, in his stubbornness, his savage defiance, it drives him on to more(prenominal) and more terrible acts. (74) Blanche Coles states in Shakespeares Four Giants that, regarding guilt in the play Briefly stated, and with elaborations to follow, Macbeth is the story of a kindly, upright man who was incited and goaded, by the charwoman he deeply loved, into committing a murder and then, because of his sensitive nature, was unable to break the heavy burden of guilt that descended upon him as a result of that murder. (37) A.C. Bradley in Shakespearean Tragedy demonstrates the guilt of Macbeth from the very beginning Precisely how off the beaten track(predicate) his mind was guilty may be a question exclusively no innocent man would have started, as he did, with a start of fear at the mere prophecy of a crown, or have conceived thereupon immediately the thought of murder. Either this thought was not newfangled to him, or he had cherished at least some vaguer disgraceful dream, the instantaneous recurrence of which, at the moment of his hearing of prophecy, revealed to him an inward and terrific guilt. (316) In Memoranda Remarks on the C... ...1957. Frye, Northrop. Fools of Time Studies in Shakespearean Tragedy. Toronto, Canada University of Toronto Press, 1967. Kemble, Fanny. Lady Macbeth. Macmillans Magazine, 17 (Fe bruary 1868), p. 354-61. Rpt. in Women training Shakespeare 1660-1900. Ann Thompson and Sasha Roberts, eds. Manchester, UK Manchester University Press, 1997. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. http//chemicool.com/Shakespeare/macbeth/full.html, no lin. Siddons, Sarah. Memoranda Remarks on the Character of Lady Macbeth. The Life of Mrs. Siddons. Thomas Campbell. London Effingham Wilson, 1834. Rpt. in Women Reading Shakespeare 1660-1900. Ann Thompson and Sasha Roberts, eds. Manchester, UK Manchester University Press, 1997. Wilson, H. S. On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy. Toronto, Canada University of Toronto Press, 1957.